The real l word season 1 episode 8 online professional#Other friends of Bette and Tina include Dana, a professional tennis player who is shy but eager to meet the right woman Alice, a magazine writer who has a brief relationship with a self-identified "lesbian" man and Shane, a hairstylist who can't stick to just one woman, and Kit, Bette's half sister who struggles with alcoholism. This long-running Showtime series features intertwined stories about the lives and loves of a group of lesbians and bisexuals in Los Angeles. A brief encounter at the party with Marina, the owner of the local coffeehouse, suddenly has Jenny thrust into a whole new world that makes her question her own sexual orientation. Jenny's life is turned upside down when she attends a party hosted by Tim's next-door neighbors, Bette and Tina, a lesbian couple who are about to take the step into parenthood after being together for seven years. A total of 70 episodes aired over six seasons. With the exception of the pilot episode, all episode titles begin with the letter L. The main character, Jenny, is a recent graduate of the University of Chicago, who moves to Los Angeles to live with her boyfriend Tim and begin a professional writing career. This is a list of all episodes from the series The L Word which aired from Januto March 8, 2009. I can’t wait for season 3.'The L Word' follows the lives and loves of a group of lesbian friends living in Los Angeles. This show is 100% amazing and always helps me to see that I am not the only one going through a certain situation. (: Nikki and Jill as wellĪs, Kaci and Cory, I really admire the four of you. Yet it was hard for her to see Kelsey go. See that there is no need to have this negative energy in my life and That’s exactly how it was/is with my partner and I. to begin her life with her boyfriend, Tim. The bread winner and Kelsey being the Mooch who doesn’t have a job. In this ground-breaking series, Jenny has just arrived in L.A. INT INTERGRAPH: We've Become The Definitive Word In Interactive Computer. Mikey and Raquel.Īnd then there is Romi and Kelsey. j 1 1' q', POSITION ANNOUNCEMENTS I POSITION ANNOUNCEMENTS I. And we are young so I relate to the show. Struggling since and now she uses it to her advantage. This sexy reality series features a fascinating group of smart, gorgeous. I am a work aholic and I have a partner who does Episode 1 : The Power Of The Clam Episode 2 : Game On Episode 3 : Bromance. Season 1 The L Word: Generation Q Critics Consensus. But being a part of such an exclusive tight-knit community can lead to some very unexpected relationships, entanglements and steamy drama especially with Whitney around. L Word” came out… I was even more intrigued to watch it because these Wild child Whitney is back with a fresh, tight-knit group of diverse women, who have all come to LA to join in the citys thriving lesbian scene. Helped me see and determine that things I like and things I know littleĪbout are ohkay, and it actually taught me more. The Real L Word (a Titles & Air Dates Guide) Last updated: Sun, -1:00 Show Details: Start date: June 2010 End date: Sep 2012 Status: cancelled/ended Network(s): Showtime Run time: 60 min Episodes: 27 eps Genre(s): Reality. This sexy reality series features a fascinating group of smart, gorgeous, and fiercely successful LA ladies ready to make the scene with their uniquely. I was very interested in the show “The L Word” because it I have been watching the show since it wasįirst aired. I think my favorite is Mikey, Tracy, and Nikki. Even as a straight girl,Īll of the girls are super attractive and hot, personality wise and It’s funny, sincere, and dramatic…Įverything you would want from a reality show. It’s my guilty pleasure… although I’ve watched The L Word, I find theįormat of this show very pleasant for an reality show (I normally do It just follows them in all their drama and glory. Relationship, single, and drama like life. Each are in different parts of their lives, engaged, in a The show follows five lesbians that live in Los Angeles and is on The real l word season 1 episode 8 online free#Watch The Real L Word Season 3 Episode 1 Apples And Oranges Online Stream, Free The Real L Word Season 3 Episode 1 Apples And Oranges HD Youtube Video A nine episode one-hour series that follows a group of real-life LosĪngeles lesbians as they go about their daily lives, at work and play.
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Pegasus Spyware: Read Cheating Spouse’s Messages for Free. #INTERNATIONAL CALLS RINGCENTRAL APP FREE FREE#There are also so many different types of anonymous texting app are available on the Internet to free sms send without register for anonymous sms So Guys follow these Simple steps according to these send free anonymous sms from fake any number article. iFake Text Message Create a Fake Text Message Conversation. It’s also reassuring that its security systems are among the best on the market.Free spoof text app. It isn’t the cheapest option available and the Essentials plan is quite limited, but from the Standard plan upward, RingCentral MVP proves to be a worthwhile investment for many small and medium businesses. It can also be integrated with a wide range of software, including impressive AI technology. It has a useful app interface from which employees can easily access voice calls, team chat, video conferences, and more. There’s much to like about RingCentral MVP. It’s another all-round good service, though there’s no video conferencing feature. Its basic plan costs $15 per user per month, which is a little cheaper than RingCentral, although with the standard option, this goes up to $25. This is a cheaper option, with plans starting at $12 per user per month, and the basic plan is more comprehensive than RingCentral’s, with video conferencing and unlimited domestic calls.Īnother option is Dialpad. One popular rival is 8x8 All-in-One Communications. Also, firewalls are installed on the network, administrative functions require multiple levels of authentication, and the data centers are securely protected by electronic systems and on-site specialists. Fortunately, RingCentral is open about what security processes it has in place and regularly has independent verifications of these processes, which seem to be quite substantial.Īll communications are encrypted using both Transport Layer Security and Secure Real-Time Transport Protocol to prevent interception. It’s crucial to know if your communications systems are secure, especially if your business deals with confidential information. RingCentral boasts comprehensive security processes (Image credit: RingCentral) Security It can also monitor employee performance to help management identify and reward employees following best practices. By using machine learning, this technology monitors sales agents’ discussions with customers, both over text chat and calls, and can recommend strategies. RingCentral has started building AI capabilities into its platform using technology developed by a start-up called XSELL. The video is in HD, and meetings are password-protected for security. From the Standard plan up, it’s possible to hold video meetings for teams or conferences of up to 100 people (200 in the Premium plan). RingCentral accounts for the fact that meetings are increasingly being held over video rather than in person. Text messaging and video meetings are collected in one platform, which can be accessed via mobile app or desktop, and it’s possible to create dedicated threads for projects and topics. In video calls, teams can share and discuss work (Image credit: RingCentral) FeaturesĪ separate app that comes integrated with RingCentral MVP, Glip is a way for teams to connect and work collaboratively. You can try out RingCentral with a 15-day free trial, which is limited to a maximum of five users. A greater range of integrations is also possible, including Salesforce, Zendesk, and industry-specific applications like Canvas and Smarsh.įinally, there’s the Ultimate plan for $49.99 per user per month, which includes everything in the Premium plan and 10,000 toll-free minutes, device status monitoring, and unlimited storage.įor most small and medium businesses, the Essentials package may be a little too basic, so the Standard and Premium options will be the ideal choices. This includes 2,500 toll-free minutes, video conferences with up to 200 participants, advanced analytics, call handling options like whisper and barge, and a developer platform. The next plan up is Premium, which costs $34.99 per user per month. There’s unlimited audio conferencing, video conferences with up to 100 participants, internet-based fax, and integrations with various apps, such as Microsoft 365, G Suite, and Slack. This has no user limit and includes 1,000 toll-free minutes. For businesses with more than 20 employees, the most affordable option is the Standard plan, at $24.99 per user per month.
It will help you stay safe and keep your security when it comes to online connections. Of course, we mustn’t forget about the antivirus capability of this software. FortiClient offers you a strong VPN solution. VPN hides your real IP address, and it connects to remote IPs to help you stay safe when you’re browsing. One of them is also the VPN service, which will help you stay safe when you’re browsing. It is an all-inclusive solution that will provide you with a variety of tools. #Fortinet client for windows 7 32 bit software#It will monitor all third-party apps and software installed on your computer, and it will warn you about the software that’s not suitable for your business so that you can avoid unnecessary apps. It will automatically scan the software that’s installed on your computer with the endpoint management solution. One of the biggest advantages of this software is that it offers a powerful shield for your computer’s disks. That’s why you need to have a good antivirus solution, which will provide you with safety online and offline. You want to stay safe when you’re browsing, and you also want to make sure you have your identity protected from potential hackers attacks. It’s also an all-inclusive solution, as it provides you with a VPN service, endpoint management, and antivirus protection. It allows you to make your computer more secure and protect it from potential viruses and hacker attacks. ► You can find detailed instructions here (instructions as PDF).FortiClient is a security solution by Fortinet, which works best for small and intermediate-sized businesses for protecting them from Malware, and it acts as a VPN service, too. #Fortinet client for windows 7 32 bit install#
On September 20, 2004, Nintendo announced that the Nintendo DS would be released in North America on November 21, 2004, for US$149.99. President Iwata referred to Nintendo DS as "Nintendo's first hardware launch in support of the basic strategy 'Gaming Population Expansion '" because the touch-based device "allows users to play intuitively". Following lukewarm GameCube sales, Hiroshi Yamauchi stressed the importance of its success to the company's future, making a statement which can be translated from Japanese as, "If the DS succeeds, we will rise to heaven, but if it fails we will sink to hell." Launch On July 28, 2004, Nintendo revealed a new design that was described as "sleeker and more elegant" than the one shown at E3 and announced Nintendo DS as the device's official name. In May 2004, the console was shown in prototype form at E3 2004, still under the name "Nintendo DS". In March 2004, a document containing most of the console's technical specifications was leaked, also revealing its internal development name, "Nitro". Current Nintendo president at the time, Satoru Iwata, said, "We have developed Nintendo DS based upon a completely different concept from existing game devices in order to provide players with a unique entertainment experience for the 21st century." He also expressed optimism that the DS would help put Nintendo back at the forefront of innovation and move away from the conservative image that has been described about the company in years past. Nintendo released only a few details at that time, saying that the console would have two separate, 3-inch TFT LCD display panels, separate processors, and up to 1 gigabit (128 Megabytes) of semiconductor memory. On January 20, 2004, the console was announced under the codename "Nintendo DS". The company did not provide many details, but stated it would not succeed the Game Boy Advance or GameCube. On November 13, 2003, Nintendo announced that it would be releasing a new game product in 2004. The Nintendo DS was succeeded by the Nintendo 3DS in February 2011.ĭevelopment on the Nintendo DS began around mid-2002, following an original idea from former Nintendo president Hiroshi Yamauchi about a dual-screened console. On November 21, 2009, Nintendo released the Nintendo DSi XL, a larger version of the DSi.Īll Nintendo DS models combined have sold 154.02 million units, making it the best-selling Nintendo system, the best-selling handheld game console to date, and the second best-selling video game console of all time, overall, behind Sony's PlayStation 2. On November 1, 2008, Nintendo released the Nintendo DSi, another redesign with several hardware improvements and new features, although it lost backwards compatibility for Game Boy Advance titles and a few DS games that used the GBA slot. On March 2, 2006, Nintendo launched the Nintendo DS Lite, a slimmer and lighter redesign of the original Nintendo DS with brighter screens and a longer lasting battery. However, backward compatibility with Game Boy Advance titles and strong sales ultimately established it as the successor to the Game Boy series. Prior to its release, the Nintendo DS was marketed as an experimental "third pillar" in Nintendo's console lineup, meant to complement the Game Boy Advance family and GameCube. #DSS PLAYER PRO 5 MANUAL PORTABLE#Its main competitor was Sony's PlayStation Portable during the seventh generation of video game consoles. Alternatively, they could interact online using the now-defunct Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection service. The Nintendo DS also features the ability for multiple DS consoles to directly interact with each other over Wi-Fi within a short range without the need to connect to an existing wireless network. Both screens are encompassed within a clamshell design similar to the Game Boy Advance SP. The DS, an initialism for "Developers' System" or "Dual Screen", introduced distinctive new features to handheld games: two LCD screens working in tandem (the bottom one being a touchscreen), a built-in microphone and support for wireless connectivity. The Nintendo DS is a handheld game console produced by Nintendo, released globally across 20. New Super Mario Bros., 30.80 million (as of September 30, 2016 ) 154.02 million worldwide (as of June 30, 2016 ) ( details)
Go to the Message menu, and select Signature, and then Edit Signatures. #Set up email signature in outlook how toSo let’s ‘sign’ right in! How to Add a Signature to Outlookīefore you can insert a signature into your email copy, you have to create it first and then save it. We’ll also touch bases on where your Outlook signatures are stored – on Mac and Windows both – and how you can edit your signature if needed. In this article, we’ll give you step-by-step instructions on how you can create a professional-looking email signature in Microsoft Outlook. #Set up email signature in outlook fullYou can also add information like your full name, title, email address, and phone number to your email signature if you want.īasically, there are options aplenty when it comes to designing your email signature. Moreover, Microsoft Outlook lets you make your email signature as unique as you want, allowing you to include text, images, logo, electronic business cards, or even an image of your actual handwritten signature. This, in turn, will help you make a solid first impression on the recipient. #Set up email signature in outlook professionalIf you're working on iOS, it'll save automatically.Īs with setting up a signature on a desktop, you can open a new message and see your signature.įor more, check out how to make your Outlook work more like Gmail.Adding a personal signature to email messages makes your emails look more professional and personalized. Type in your name and/or contact information. Tap Signature and clear the message field.Ħ. By default, your signature says "Get Outlook for Android" or "Get Outlook for iOS," depending on your device.ĥ. Tap the Settings gear icon in the bottom left.Ĥ. If you're using iOS, you'll tap the icon in the top left as well, but it'll be an icon with the first letter of your name.ģ. Tap the Outlook icon in the upper left corner. How to set up your email signature on iOS and AndroidĢ. You can adjust the message, font and style and add images to your signature in Outlook. Once you've composed a signature, you can exit and click New Message to see what it looks like. While this is the quickest way to add a signature, you can also click View All Outlook Settings instead of searching for "email signature." From there, click Compose and Reply to get to the signature editing section of Outlook. Optional: You can choose to automatically include your signature in new messages and/or messages you forward and reply to by checking those boxes underneath the signature box. This can be just your name, or can also include your contact information, company logo and any other information you'd like to share.ĥ. In the Email signature box, type the signature you want to appear in your emails. Type in "email signature" in the search bar, and click that option from the drop-down menu.Ĥ. Click the settings gear in the top right corner.ģ. Open and sign into Outlook in your browser.Ģ. There are a couple of different ways to get to the signature section in Outlook, but this is the one I find easiest:ġ. How to set up your Outlook email signature on desktop If you use Microsoft Outlook for correspondence, you can automatically add a signature to your outgoing emails. Automatic signatures save you from having to repeatedly write your contact information on every response. But manually writing out your name and contact information in every message is tedious - and unnecessary. A signature on your emails adds a bit of polish and helps people get in contact with you. Tries from Akker van der Merwe, Ben Curry and the debutant Joe Carpenter inflicted Exeter’s first defeat. Sale’s director of rugby, Alex Sanderson, was pleased with his side’s application after the Sharks moved up to second with a 28-20 home victory over Exeter on Saturday that made it three wins from three games. Most glaring was Hutchinson’s decision to ignore the man outside him on the left and go for glory, only for the Scotland international to be bundled into touch by Archie White and Tyrone Green. They also have one of the form backs in the competition in Northmore and the uncapped centre showed up well again on his 50th club appearance as he kept the defence guessing with the ball in both hands before carving through to score his side’s third try.Ī penalty from Dan Biggar and a close-range try from Ludlam did drag Saints back into the contest but their profligacy continued to cost them. Three or four times in the first half alone the Saints made it into the home 22 only to spill possession when opportunity knocked, not least when Mitchell delayed too long with options outside him. It is usually Quins who specialise in unlikely comebacks but here they were 14-0 up inside seven minutes, courtesy of tries by Musk and Lennox Anyanwu and Northampton’s early inability to hang on to the ball. It’s fantastic to coach and the players love the challenge of moving the ball.”Īt least Matson can now sleep easier this week. But this club is adamant that playing an exciting game of football can be successful. It’s a pretty brutal industry and winning and losing has an impact on you as a coach. “I’ve actually thought of getting an Apple watch to see what my heart rate is. “At times you wonder: ‘Why am I in this industry?’” admitted their head coach Tabai Matson. Alex Coles, Alex Mitchell, Rory Hutchinson and Lewis Ludlam could all have scored or set up vital tries for the visitors which, in the final analysis, proved crucial.Įven so, having lost out in the final seconds in Exeter the previous weekend, it would have been mighty tough for Quins to take had they been pipped again. It made for a nine-try thriller on a lovely sunny Sunday afternoon but a few Saints players will not be in any huge rush to check out the highlights.
The Western Veil (also known as Caldwell 34), consisting of NGC 6960 (the "Witch's Broom", "Finger of God", or "Filamentary Nebula") near the foreground star 52 Cygni. The distance to the nebula is not precisely known, but Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) data supports a distance of about 1,470 light-years. /rebates/&252ffitswork-software-astrophoto. #FITSWORK SOFTWARE ASTROPHOTO FULL#The source supernova exploded circa 3,000 BC to 6,000 BC, and the remnants have since expanded to cover an area roughly 3 degrees in diameter (about 6 times the diameter, or 36 times the area, of the full moon). It constitutes the visible portions of the Cygnus Loop (radio source W78, or Sharpless 103), a large but relatively faint supernova remnant. The Veil Nebula is a cloud of heated and ionized gas and dust in the constellation Cygnus. Sorting and stacking thousands of images manually would be about as much fun as undergoing root-canal surgery Thankfully, there are computer programs available. Select the luminance filter in the filter wheel. #FITSWORK SOFTWARE ASTROPHOTO MAC OSX#It is available for Linux/UNIX, Mac OSX and MS Windows. It operates a to-do list done in sequential order: Point the telescope to this part of the sky. Modular, open-architecture, portable image processing software platform specializing in technical image processing tasks such as astronomical imaging. Once I am able to construct an observatory, I will likely control. This software is still new to me, but I can see the potential for complete automation of my deep-sky imaging in the backyard. #FITSWORK SOFTWARE ASTROPHOTO RAR#Guiding telescope or lens:Viewfinder 8x50 In the basic sense, NINA is a program where one sets up a session that contains sequences of hardware control actions and exposures. Fitswork Software Astrophoto Download Lagu Oleh Oleh Koplo Palapa Think Psychology Baird 2011 Ebook Readers Lucy Schwartz Winter In June Rar Extractor. Fitswork powerful program for stacking and post-processing of images. DeepSkyStacker free powerful program for stacking and calibration of images. Imaging telescope or lens:GSO 8" f/5 Newton PixInsight the best application for processing pictures of deepsky objects.
BEHRINGER DDX3216 OUT AND IN SETTING MANUALPlus unusually flexible connectivity and expandability, supported via two expansion slots for ADAT ®, TDIF, AES/EBU interfaces and more. Behringer DIGITAL PRO MIXER DDM4000 Manual Online: Further Settings, Loading Factory Settings, Output Setup, Adjusting Display. the four fader buttons to switch between the four available layers (Ch 1-16, Ch 17-32, Bus Out 1-16, AUX/FX). position plus their respective values in decimal format. The FADER page shows both mute and fader groups and the fader. BEHRINGER DDX3216 OUT AND IN SETTING FULLThen full-fledged dynamic and static automation functions, extensive synchronization options and MIDI implementation, a comprehensive internal I/O patchbay, full digital compatibility and functionality. The fader settings correspond to the layer currently selected with. Add four on-board effects processors that put just about any imaginable effect type at your fingertips, naturally in top quality and also simultaneously accessible. The first 16 channels additionally offer a delay function. Your ADA8000 is an ideal expansion for BEHRINGERs digital mixing console. Each channel features a fully parametric 4-band equalizer, sweepable high-pass filter, gate, compressor/limiter and phase inversion-all simultaneously operable. Start with its 32 channels, 16 internal busses and 8 aux sends. In fact, you won’t find some of the DDX3216’s features in any compact digital console. Our first digital console offers a feature set you won’t find in any other product in its class. BEHRINGER DDX3216 OUT AND IN SETTING FOR FREEDatabase contains 4 Behringer DDX3216 Manuals (available for free online viewing or downloading in PDF): Technical specifications, Manual, Operating manual, Instructions manual. BEHRINGER DDX3216 OUT AND IN SETTING PROFESSIONALAll this in a compact, rack-mountable design, make DDX3216 a flexible solution for project or professional recording and live sound. Behringer DDX3216 Manuals & User Guides User Manuals, Guides and Specifications for your Behringer DDX3216 Music Mixer. Optional digital interfaces include ADAT Light Pipe, Tascam TDIF and AES/EBU. More radical effects include LFO Filter, Auto Filter, Lo-Fi and Ring Modulator. The remaining effects are mainly of the common delay/modulation type though there's also auto-pan, enhancer and graphic equaliser. BEHRINGER DDX3216 OUT AND IN SETTING UPGRADE2 optional expansion I/O slots allow users to upgrade to a total of 32 total inputs. DDX3216 Effects The four Virtualizer-based effects sections each provide a choice of 26 effect types, the first eight of which are reverbs. The DDX3216 also features state-of-the-art audio fidelity with 24-bit audio resolution and 32/40-bit floating point processing. Powerful dynamics processors provide compression, limiting and gating on every channel. The DDX3216 also features state-of-the-art audio fidelity with 24-bit audio resolution and 32/40-bit floating point processing. The DDX3216 also features 4 effects processors and 4 band parametric EQ on every channel. 32 Channels, 8 AUX Sends and 16 buses are standard. The world´s most affordable digital 32-channel mixer. Don't be mislead by the compact design, the console boasts a feature set that rivals some bigger consoles. While the end user has some say as well, its just what sells, what features/etc they can get by with a certain price points.The Behringer DDX3216 is a true example of Behringers commitment to provide quality, cost effective and feature packed products without sacrificing affordability. Not only for better business relations and happy customers, most often the manufacturers get first hand results about sales/problems/etc from the dealers/sellers. To me, the little extra the berhinger has, is worth it over the 01v, which would ring in at around the same price (and then, if there are any problems, your dealer SHOULD help you out with any difficulties).īehringer customer support is all over the map, but really it should be back to the dealer/seller to comit to helping out the customer, while it all gets back to behringer, I think most of the problems are the dealer/sellers (obviously if the product isn't made anymore, or is way out of warrenty, than thats a whole different matter).ĭealers/sellers should stand behind the product they sell, otherwise, it just doesn't make sense else its a 'get rich quick' kinda outlook. I havn't had any problems with either on the road. The behringer has a 'nicer' feature set, so I guess they decided to incorporate a few more features than what they modeled after (just like more of thier newer products). The behringer can be setup to control faders and pans on SX. While I havn't been infront of an o1v for a year or two, they operate the same way. i have Cubase sl and am considering buying a ddx3216. Hallelujah, we need to simply enjoy! God Made a Promise to Abraham, and Christ came to Fulfill the Promise In Christ, we enjoy the processed and consummated Triune God as the bountiful supply of the Spirit, even the all-inclusive life-giving Spirit whom Christ became after His resurrection. We are the many sons of God through faith in Jesus Christ, and for us to enjoy the promised blessing to Abraham we need to be in Christ and be one with Christ, even one spirit with Him (see Gal. 3:14), and all we have to do today as believers in Christ is enjoy and receive this promised blessing! None of us is qualified to fulfill God’s promise only Christ Himself is qualified, and He not only fulfilled the promise: through death and resurrection, Christ as the transfigured seed of Abraham became the life-giving Spirit as the fulfillment of the promise God made to Abraham!Ĭhrist Himself as the Spirit is the fulfillment of the promise made to Abraham (Gal. On the one hand, Christ is the seed of Abraham on the other hand, Christ is the One who fulfills the promise made by God to Abraham. Who is the seed of Abraham, and who fulfilled the promise made to Abraham? The seed of Abraham is firstly Christ, the Messiah, who is God incarnated to be a man in the genealogy of Abraham to fulfill the promise made to Abraham.Ĭhrist was before Abraham (John 8:58) since He is God Himself, and He became a man to be the only One qualified to be the seed of Abraham. God made a promise to Abraham, and Abraham believed God this was counted to him as righteousness. God promised Abraham a seed, in whom all the nations will be blessed, and this seed will be countless in number – as the stars in the heavens and the sand on the seashore. God’s appearing attracted Abraham and caused him to do what he has never done before: leave his home land and travel to a land that God has promised to give to him and to his seed. until one day the God of glory appeared to Abraham in the Ur of Chaldea’s. He gained Abel, Enosh, Enoch, Noah and his family, etc. God didn’t give up on man after Adam fell in the garden of Eden He continued to seek man and desired to gain man for His purpose. In addition to these forms most widely spread among the areas specified above, there are dozens of other forms such as 'kotumpu' (Kollam and Thiruvananthapuram), 'katirpu', krali, pattachi, gnannil, 'pochata' etc. 'Kozhinnul' and 'kulannilu' are the forms most common in and respectively. 'Kola' is the expression attested in most of the panchayats in the, and districts of, whereas 'kolachil' occurs most predominantly in and and 'klannil' in and. To cite a single example of language variation along the geographical parameter, it may be noted that there are as many as seventy seven different expressions employed by the and spread over various geographical points just to refer to a single item, namely, the flower bunch of coconut. Differences between any two given dialects can be quantified in terms of the presence or absence of specific units at each level of the language. This number is reported to tally approximately with the number of principalities that existed during the pre-British period in.ĭivergence among dialects of Malayalam embrace almost all aspects of language such as phonetics, phonology, grammar and vocabulary. Sub-dialect regions, which could be marked off, were found to be thirty. Thus for examples, the survey of the dialect of Malayalam, results of which have been published by the Department in 1974, has brought to light the existence of twelve major dialect areas for Malayalam, although the isoglosses are found to crisscross in many instances. As regards the geographical dialects of Malayalam, surveys conducted so far by the Department of Linguistics, University of Kerala restricted the focus of attention during a given study on one specific caste so as to avoid mixing up of more than one variable such as communal and geographical factors. Whereas both the Namboothiri and Nair dialects have a common nature, the is among the most divergent of dialects, differing considerably from literary Malayalam. The community dialects are: Namboodiri, Nair, Pulaya, and Nasrani. And by the end of the 13th century a written form of the language emerged which was unique from the Tamil-Brahmi script that was used to write Tamil. The Malayalam script began to diverge from the Tamil-Brahmi script in the 8th and 9th centuries CE. As the language of scholarship and administration, Old-Tamil, which was written in and the Vatteluttu alphabet later, greatly influenced the early development of Malayalam. This is based on the fact that Malayalam and several Dravidian languages on the western coast have common features which are not found even in the oldest historical forms of Tamil., in his 1856 book ' A Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian or South-Indian Family of Languages', opined that Malayalam branched from Classical Tamil and over time gained a large amount of vocabulary and lost the personal terminations of verbs. Some scholars however believe that both Tamil and Malayalam developed during the prehistoric period from a common ancestor, 'Proto-Tamil-Dravidian', and that the notion of Malayalam being a 'daughter' of Tamil is misplaced. |
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